Naturopathica Muscle Rub - Cooling Relief for Sore Muscles, Magnesium & Alpine Arnica - 2.5 fl oz

Citric acid is an alpha hydroxy acid used in personal care products primarily for its role as a pH adjuster and natural preservative. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits and is commonly utilized in various formulations for its chelating properties and mild exfoliation benefits.

Gluconolactone is a lactone that functions primarily as a humectant and exfoliant in cosmetic products. It is derived from gluconic acid and is used to improve skin hydration and texture. This ingredient is known for its compatibility with various skin types and its ability to enhance product stability.

Copper gluconate is a copper salt of gluconic acid, commonly used in dietary supplements and cosmetics. It serves primarily as a source of copper, which is an essential trace mineral important for various biological functions, including energy production and the development of connective tissues.

Yucca glauca (soapweed) root extract is derived from the root of the yucca plant, commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products for its natural surfactant properties. It is known to enhance foaming and cleansing capabilities, making it a popular ingredient in shampoos and body washes.

Citrus aurantifolia (lime) peel oil is derived from the peel of lime fruits. It is commonly used for its aromatic properties in various products, including cosmetics and personal care items, where it may serve as a fragrance or natural preservative.

Glucose is a simple sugar commonly derived from starches and is utilized primarily as a sweetener in food and beverages. It serves as an energy source for cellular processes and is also used in various pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations for its humectant properties, helping to retain moisture.

Citrus limon (lemon) peel is derived from the outer skin of lemons and is commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its aromatic properties and potential skin benefits. It serves primarily as a fragrance agent and may also provide antioxidant effects.

Salix nigra (black willow) bark extract is an extract derived from the bark of the black willow tree. It is commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products for its potential soothing properties and is recognized for its role in traditional medicine.

Ocimum, commonly known as basil, is a herb widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes. It contains essential oils and various phytochemicals, contributing to its flavor and potential health benefits. Basil is often utilized in food products, personal care items, and herbal remedies.

Ocimum basilicum, commonly known as sweet basil, is an aromatic herb typically used for its culinary and potential medicinal properties. It is often included in cosmetic formulations for its fragrance and purported skin benefits. Regulatory bodies monitor its use due to certain health and environmental concerns.

Arnica montana flower extract is derived from the dried flowers of the arnica plant, commonly used in topical formulations for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is often included in products aimed at alleviating pain and bruising.

Magnesium aspartate is a magnesium salt of aspartic acid, commonly used in cosmetic formulations as a source of magnesium. It functions primarily as a conditioning agent, promoting skin and hair health by providing essential magnesium.

Helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed is derived from the seeds of the sunflower plant and is commonly used in various cosmetic and personal care products. It serves primarily as an emollient and skin conditioning agent, providing moisture and enhancing the texture of formulations.

Sclerotium gum is a polysaccharide gum produced by the fermentation of certain fungi. It serves primarily as a thickening, stabilizing, and gelling agent in various cosmetic formulations, contributing to texture and consistency.

Zingiber officinale (ginger) root oil is obtained from the rhizome of the ginger plant. It is commonly used in various products for its aromatic properties and potential health benefits. The oil contains bioactive compounds that may contribute to its effectiveness in formulations.

Neomenthol is a menthol derivative commonly used for its cooling sensation in cosmetic and topical formulations. It acts primarily as a fragrance component and a soothing agent, contributing to the sensory attributes of products such as creams and ointments.

Zinc gluconate is a zinc salt derived from gluconic acid, commonly used in dietary supplements and topical formulations. It serves primarily as a source of zinc, an essential mineral that supports various biological functions, including immune response and skin health.

Chondrus crispus, commonly known as carrageenan, is a gelatinous polysaccharide derived from red algae. It is primarily used as a thickening, stabilizing, and gelling agent in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, providing texture and consistency to various products.

Water is a clear, colorless liquid essential for various biological processes. It serves as a solvent in formulations, facilitating the dissolution of other ingredients and enhancing product texture and application. Additionally, water plays a crucial role in hydration and is a key component in many cosmetic and personal care products.

Yeast extract is an extract derived from yeast, commonly used in food and cosmetic products for its flavor-enhancing and nutritional properties. It contains amino acids, vitamins, and minerals that contribute to its functional benefits.

Sodium benzoate is a preservative commonly used in food and cosmetic products to prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life. It is derived from benzoic acid and is effective at low concentrations, often used in acidic environments like beverages and condiments.